Biochemical Activity of Propolis Alcoholic Extracts against Fusarium oxysporum hm89

Abstract

Propolis was responsible for in vitro growth suppression of some tested phytopathogenic fungi. Four tested species were partially inhibited by using propanolic or ethanolic extract associated with promising growth reduction of Fusarium oxysporum in a per cent of growth recorded 38.2% or 58.9% during propanolic or ethanolic application, respectively, while Helminthosporium sp. and Cladosporium sp. showed unexpected activation of growth during propanolic or ethanolic extract applications. The antimicrobial products identified during GC-MS analysis of the propolis propanolic extract were Pyrazole, Quinic acid, D-lactic acid, Pentanoic acid, Erythritol and sulfonamide derivatives. The SDS gel electrophoresis of soluble proteins of Fusarium oxysporum treated with propanolic or ethanolic propolis extracts showed a specific protein band at 26.002 kDa with the untreated pathogen, and several characterized bands at 21.160, 26.012, 28.666, 38.44, 102 kDa related to propolis propanolic extract (2) and finally a two markedly visible bands at 18.871, 33.083 kDa with propolis ethanolic extract (3). The decrease in enzyme activity of cellulase and pectinase of Fusarium oxysporum was recorded under treatment with either propanolic or ethanolic extracts. There was suppression in the degree of infectivity such as the number of rotted seeds, wilting, brown discoloration of Phaseolus seedlings presoaked in either of the two propolis extracts compared to infected plants with more reduction individually in case of propanolic extract over that of ethanolic one.