BIOCHARS IN SOILS: TOWARDS THE REQUIRED LEVEL OF SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING

Priit Tammeorg,Susana Loureiro,Giustino Tonon,Ana Catarina Bastos,Jürgen Kern,Frédéric Rees,Flávio C Silva,Pietro Panzacchi,Maurizio Ventura,Ellen R Graber,Marija Prodana,Lidia Sas-Paszt,Martinho A S Martins,Xavier Domene,Ciro Gardi,Gabriel Gascó,Gemini Delle Vedove,Bruno Glaser,Greet Ruysschaert,Simon Jeffery,Claudia Kammann,Alice Budai,Aline Peregrina Puga,Mark Kibblewhite,Jan Hořák ,Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira ,C Cordovil ,M Prasad ,C Zavalloni ,David A Laird ,A Amaro ,Elena Kondrlová ,Frank Verheijen

doi:10.3846/16486897.2016.1239582

Abstract

Key priorities in biochar research for future guidance of sustainable policy development have been identified by expert assessment within the COST Action TD1107. The current level of scientific understanding (LOSU) regarding the consequences of biochar application to soil were explored. Five broad thematic areas of biochar research were addressed: soil biodiversity and ecotoxicology, soil organic matter and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, soil physical properties, nutrient cycles and crop production, and soil remediation. The highest future research priorities regarding biochar’s effects in soils were: functional redundancy within soil microbial communities, bioavailability of biochar’s contaminants to soil biota, soil organic matter stability, GHG emissions, soil formation, soil hydrology, nutrient cycling due to microbial priming as well as altered rhizosphere ecology, and soil ph buffering capacity. Methodological and other constraints to achieve the required LOSU are discussed and options for efficient progress of biochar research and sustainable application to soil are presented.

Highlights

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The highest Research Priority Index (RPI) was identified for biochar capacity to shift a soil community’s functional redundancy, which is defined here as the degree of functional overlapping in a given ecosystem
Recent studies focusing on soil-biochar-biota interactions in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems suggest potential impacts regarding the application of some biochars to soil on the activity and structure of edaphic and freshwater biological communities, their trophic relationships, and the processes they mediate

Summary

Introduction

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Methods

Results

Conclusion