Abstract
It is a relatively new concept to use biochar as soil amendment and for climate change mitigation. For this reason, the national and supranational legislation in the EU is not yet adequately prepared to regulate both the production and the application of biochar. Driven by this “regulatory gap”, voluntary biochar quality standards have been formed in Europe with the European Biochar Certificate, in the UK with the Biochar Quality Mandate and in the USA with the IBI Standard which is intended to be used internationally. In parallel to this, biochar producers and biochar users in a number of EU countries were partly successful in fitting the new biochar product into the existing national legislation for fertilisers, soil improvers and composts. The intended revision of the EC Regulation 2003/2003 on fertilisers offers the opportunity to regulate the use of biochar at the EU level. This publication summarizes the efforts on biochar standardization which have been carried out by voluntary products standards and illustrates existing legislation in EU member states, which apply to the production and use of biochar. It describes existing and planned EU regulations, which impact biochar applications and it develops recommendations on the harmonization of biochar legislation in the EU.
Highlights
TRIAL USING BIOSTIMULATION, PHYTOREMEDIATION AND Sebastian MEYERa, Lorenzo GENEBSIIOObA, IUnGesMVOEGNETLAc,THIaOnsN-Peter SCHMIDTd, Gerhard SOJAe; Edward SOMEUSf, Simon SHACKLEYg, Frank G
The REFERTIL project aimed at establishing a regulatory framework to enable the production and use of biochar soil improvers, growing media and/or fertilizers under market competitive conditions while removing barriers to trade and use biochar products on the internal market of the European Union
The aim of the project was to ensure that the proposed biochar quality and safety criteria are fully consistent with existing EU Directives and Regulations with consideration of Member States legal frameworks
Summary
TRIAL USING BIOSTIMULATION, PHYTOREMEDIATION AND Sebastian MEYERa, Lorenzo GENEBSIIOObA, IUnGesMVOEGNETLAc,THIaOnsN-Peter SCHMIDTd, Gerhard SOJAe; Edward SOMEUSf, Simon SHACKLEYg, Frank G. AbstrhaCcte.nTtrreinfiotrroEtonlvuireonnem(TenNtaTl),anadcMomamrinonelSytuudseieds e(CxpElSoAsivMe )f,oDr empailrittamreynatnodf EinndvuirsotrnimaleanptpalnicdatPiolanns,nicnagn, cause serious environmental polCluatimonp.u2s8U-dnaiyvelrasbitoárraitoordyepSoatnetixapgeor,im38en10t -w1a9s3cAavrreiierdo,oPuotratuppgalyling bioaugmentation using laboratoirMy asretlienc-tLeduthbearc-tUerniaivlersstirtaäitnsHalslei-nWocitutleunmbe, rbg,ioInstsitmituultatfiüornAwgriathr- munodlasEsrensäahnrudncgaswbbisasgeenslcehaaf fteexntr,act, and phytoremediation usinBgordyeenabnidogbeloucehfeemnuieg,rveeokn-tSoesctkuednydothreff-ePffleacttz o3f, t0h6e1s2e0trHeaatmllee,nGtseromn aTnNyT removal and changes in soil microbial community responsible for contaminant degradation. Chemical analyses revealed significant decreases in TNT concentrations,Suinbcmluidttinedg r0e3duJucnti.o2n0o1f6s;oamcceeopftetdhe2T6 NOTctt.o20it1s6amino derivates during the 28-day tpersAotfbso.sutTrnahdcet.ecfItfoeimcstbaoirnenalatTtiiovNnelTyonfdeebwgirocaaodunacgtemioptennt.otAautlsitoehnbo-iubogciohhsatprimlaasunsltoasitlieoanmnhaeannpdcpmerdoenathtcheantcdootfuoaprl lcmeldimicwraotiebthicahlraynceogemcmumlitutiivngaaitttyiioonan.bFuhonarddtahtnihsceer,emab-oluset fensoung,rteheekncautilotinvaaltaionnd sduipdrannoattiosinganlilfeicgaisnlattliyonafifnectthethEeUTisNnTotdyeegtraaddeaqtuioatnelyraptree.pTarheed rtoesruelgtsulafrtoe mbotmhothleecuprlaorduacntiaolnyses suagngdesttheedatphpelicsautriovnivaolf bainodchealre.vDatriiovennobfytthheisin“rtergoudluatcoerdy bgaapc”t,evroialul nsttarrayinbsiotchhraoruqguhaoliutyt tshtaendexarpdesrihmaveentb.een formed in KeEyuwrooprdesw: iTthNtTh,e bEiuoraoupgemanenBtiaotcihoanr, Cbeiortsitfiimcautel,aitniotnh,epUhyKtowrietmh ethdeiaBtiioonch, amr iQcruoabliitayl Mcoamndmatuenaitnyd. Organic compound has resulted in soil tional substrates are needed (Rylott et al 2011). Fungi contamination and environmental problems at many degrade TNT via the actions of nonspecific extracel-. FinCCsCtudCioens fewreitnhceseovfetrhael PoarrgtaiensisimnsD, eicnecmlubdeinrg20b1a5c,ttehreia c(lLimacahteannceegoettiataol.rs1o9f991)9,5wchoiucnhtrhieass hleadve eunnvairnoinmmoeunstlyal llgiumrloaiwtr tthhenesztuyebmmseptrseartaaetnsudr(ecfeiolnlrucrlpeorasoseed, utliocgtn1io.i5nn)°Coafraebthnoeveseeedpereden.iznCydmuosne-sttrriaarlyletvoelbs i(oUrenmiteeddiaNtiaotinontescFhrnaomloegwioesrkuCsionngvbeancttieorniaoonr CbiloimauatgemCehnatnagtieo2n0,15)f.ungal bioremediation requires an eSxmsiitthu eatpaplr.o(a20ch15)inpsotienatdouotftihnatstihtue tmreaajotmriteynot f
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