Abstract
Morphologically different titania coatings (nanofibers (TNFs), nanoneedles (TNNs), and nanowires (TNWs)) were studied as potential biomedical materials. The abovementioned systems were produced in situ on Ti6Al4V substrates via direct oxidation processes using H2O2 and H2O2/CaCl2 agents, and via thermal oxidation in the presence of Ar and Ar/H2O2. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy have been used to structurally characterize the produced materials. The morphology changes on the titanium alloy surface were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The bioactivity of the samples has been estimated by the analysis of the produced titania coatings’ biocompatibility, and by the determination of their ability to reduce bacterial biofilm formation. The photoactivity of the produced nanocoatings was also analyzed, in order to determine the possibility of using titania coated implant surfaces in the sterilization process of implants. Photocatalytic activity was estimated using the methylene blue photodegradation kinetics, in the presence of UV light.
Highlights
The functional connection between the bone tissue and the implant surface is considered as the main prerequisite for the long-term clinical success of the implantation procedure [1,2,3,4,5]
Titania based coatings were produced on the surface of Ti6Al4V substrates by direct oxidation, using 30% H2 O2 and H2 O2 /CaCl2 solutions as oxidizing agents
On the basis of the preliminary Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies of the coatings, the following samples have been chosen for further biological experiments and the following names have been given to the systems: coatings obtained by direct oxidation, using 30% H2 O2: (80, 8)–TNF1, (100, 8)–TNF2, (100, 12)–TNF3, and coatings obtained by direct oxidation with the use of H2 O2 /CaCl2: (80, 8)–TNF4, (100, 8)–TNF5, (100, 12)–TNF6
Summary
The functional connection between the bone tissue and the implant surface (osseointegration) is considered as the main prerequisite for the long-term clinical success of the implantation procedure [1,2,3,4,5]. Surface modifications are the most important methods used for osseointegration enhancement [15,16,17]. Recent efforts in this field have highlighted the importance of nanotechnology in altering the surface morphology to better mimic the surface roughness features of the natural bone and to favour the positive interaction with cells [18,19,20]. The materials based on titanium dioxide are especially important for surface modification, due to their good osseointegration properties, high corrosion resistance, and thermal stability [21,22,23]. Titania materials of different 1-D nanoarchitectures, such as nanowires
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