Bioactivity of Five Essential Oils Against Bruchidius incarnatus (Bohemann, 1833)

Hany Ahmed Fouad

doi:10.15835/nsb539065

Abstract

In the world, the faba bean beetle Bruchidius incarnatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is an important insect-pest, especially on faba bean Vicia faba (Leguminosae) and it can infest field crops and cause severe damage in storage. Essential oils can be an alternative method to synthetic insecticides for pest management, due to their efficiency and environmental safety. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the toxicity and repellent activity of essential oils of camphor (Eucalyptus globules), castor (Ricinus communis), cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and mustard (Brassica rapa) against B. incarnatus adults. The treatments which contained essential oils at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4% and acetone (control) were applied. All essential oils with 4% concentration repelled the B. incarnatus adult except castor oil. The percentage of repellence was higher when used essential oil of cinnamon with 2 and 4% concentration compared with other essential oils and concentrations. In residual film experiment, the cinnamon oil had the highest toxicity rate on B. incarnatus adult fallowed by clove, camphor, mustard and the lowest effect was by castor oil. Based on our results, I can conclude that essential oils of camphor, cinnamon, clove and mustard have potential for use in the integrated management of B. incarnatus adult.

Highlights

The faba bean beetle, Bruchidius incarnatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is associated with faba bean storage, where it can attack the whole faba bean grains in field and storeroom
The insect Parent adults of faba bean beetle, Bruchidius incarnatus were obtained from laboratory stock cultures maintained at plant protection department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
Essential oils The essential oils of camphor (Cinnamomum camphora), castor (Ricinus communis), cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and mustard (Brassica rapa) were purchased from an commercial company (Obour City, Egypt)

Summary

Introduction

The faba bean beetle, Bruchidius incarnatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is associated with faba bean storage, where it can attack the whole faba bean grains in field and storeroom. Traditional organophosphates, such as malathion and pirimiphos-methyl are the most commonly used residual insecticides in stored grains (Arthur, 1996; Santos et al, 2009). Plant extracts and essential oils have traditionally been used to kill or repel stored product insects (Arabi et al, 2008; Fouad et al, 2012; Tapondjou et al, 2005; Tinkeu et al, 2004). The objective of this study was investigation the adulticidal of essential oil of camphor (Eucalyptus globulus), castor (Ricinus communis), cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and mustard (Brassica rapa) plants on B. incarnatus adult

Materials and methods

Results and discussion

Conclusions