Abstract
Actinobacteria is found to have a potent metabolic activity against pathogens. The present study reveals the assessment of potent antifungal secondary metabolites from actinobacteria isolated from Indian marine mangrove sediments. The samples were collected from the coastal regions of Muthupet, Andaman and the Nicobar Islands. Identification was carried out using 16S rRNA analysis and biosynthetic genes (Polyketide synthase type I/II and Non-ribosomal peptide synthase) were screened. Actinobacteria were assayed for their antifungal activity against 16 clinical Candida albicans and the compound analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry GC-MS. The 31 actinobacterial strains were isolated and 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that this ecosystem is rich on actinobacteria, with Streptomyces as the predominant genus. The PCR based screening of biosynthetic genes revealed the presence of PKS-I in six strains, PKS-II in four strains and NRPS in 11 strains. The isolated actinobacteria VITGAP240 and VITGAP241 (two isolates) were found to have a potential antifungal activity against all the tested C. albicans. GC-MS results revealed that the actinobacterial compounds were belonging to heterocyclic, polyketides and peptides. Overall, the strains possess a wide spectrum of antifungal properties which affords the production of significant bioactive metabolites as potential antibiotics.
Highlights
Bacterial cell factories and their wide applications in search of added value products such as molecular therapeutics is booming currently; they have a promising future as the safest and most efficient medicinal product discovery [1]
The present study has focused on targeting the biosynthetic genes in actinobacteria from the Andaman Islands, for production of novel antifungals
In order to screen the bioactive or medicinally important secondary metabolite compounds, the Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analysis was executed for the crude extract followed by the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) confirmations
Summary
Bacterial cell factories and their wide applications in search of added value products such as molecular therapeutics is booming currently; they have a promising future as the safest and most efficient medicinal product discovery [1]. Flora and fauna as well as microorganisms are good sources to obtain a wide variety of natural medicinal products [2,3]. Peptides and polyketides are noticeable and they are a potential group of natural products, mainly synthesized by two major types of enzymes: non-ribosomal peptide synthases (NRPS) and polyketide synthases (PKS) [7]. Microbes harbouring these biosynthetic gene clusters are probable source of novel natural products. Analysing the biosynthetic genes depicts the potential of the microbe to produce
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