Abstract
Solanesol, an aliphatic terpene alcohol composed of nine isoprene units, is mainly found in solanaceous plants. Particularly, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), belonging to the Solanaceae family, is the richest plant source of solanesol, and its leaves have been regarded as the ideal material for solanesol extraction. Since the discovery of solanesol in tobacco, significant progress has been achieved in research on solanesol’s bioactivities, medicinal value, accumulation, extraction technology, and determination methods. Solanesol possesses strong free radical absorption ability and antioxidant activity owing to the presence of several non-conjugated double bonds. Notably, solanesol’s anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antimicrobial activities have been previously demonstrated. Solanesol is a key intermediate in the synthesis of coenzyme Q10, vitamin K2, and the anticancer agent synergiser N-solanesyl-N,N′-bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl) ethylenediamine. Other applications of solanesol include solanesol derivative micelles for hydrophobic drug delivery, solanesol-derived scaffolds for bioactive peptide multimerization, and solanesol-anchored DNA for mediating vesicle fusion. Solanesol accumulation in plants is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, including biotic stresses caused by pathogen infections, temperature, illumination, and agronomic measures. Seven extraction technologies and seven determination methods of solanesol are also systematically summarized in the present review. This review can serve as a reference for solanesol’s comprehensive application.
Highlights
Solanesol, an aliphatic terpene alcohol composed of nine isoprene units, is mainly found in Solanaceae plants such as tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and potato (Solanum tuberosum) [1,2,3,4,5]
Solanesol is a key intermediate in the synthesis of coenzyme Q10, vitamin K2, and the anticancer agent synergiser N-solanesyl-N,N0 -bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl) ethylenediamine
Sheen et al [71] developed a gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID) to determine the total solanesol content in tobacco leaves: the following treatments such as column chromatography, concentration, and saponification, the sample was separated in a Gas-Chrom Q (80-100 mesh) glass column coated with 1% OV-101, and cholesteryl laurate was used as an internal standard for quantification
Summary
An aliphatic terpene alcohol composed of nine isoprene units, is mainly found in Solanaceae plants such as tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and potato (Solanum tuberosum) [1,2,3,4,5]. Solanesol accumulation in the leaves of plants is affected by genetic and environmental factors [1,9,10]. The solanesol content of tobacco leaves are jointly determined by the major genes and polygenes, with the major genes being dominant, and is influenced by environmental factors [10]. Solanesol content in tobacco leaves is the main limiting factor for its extraction. Thisthis review provides a detailed summary medicinal value, value, accumulation, accumulation, extraction extraction technology, technology, and and determination determination methods methods to to serve serve as as aa medicinal reference for its comprehensive application.
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