Abstract
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in the literature concerning the bioactive properties of faveleira products. This work focuses on the physicochemical evaluation of faveleira oil, as well as it investigates the bioactive properties of faveleira seeds, faveleira oil and the press cake obtained during the oilseed processing. The seeds were cold pressed and the following tests were performed: physicochemical characteristics (acidity, peroxide values, moisture and volatile matter, density and viscosity) and fatty acid profile of faveleira oil; total phenolic and flavonoid content of faveleira seed and press cake; antibacterial activity of seed, oil and press cake; and antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power assay, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide radical scavenging assay and oxygen radical absorbance capacity) of seed, oil and press cake. Our work demonstrated that the faveleira seed oil has low acidity (0.78 ± 0.03% oleic acid) and peroxide value (1.13 ± 0.12 mEq/1000g), associated with the relevant concentration of linoleic acid (53.56%). It was observed that important phenolics (398.89 ± 6.34 mg EAG/100 g), especially flavonoids (29.81 ± 0.71 mg RE/g) remain in the press cake, which indicates that the by-product of the faveleira oilseed production constitutes a rich residual source of bioactive compounds. No bacterial growth inhibition was detected, but all samples including faveleira seeds, press cake, oil and its fractions have potent antioxidant activities, mainly the press cake, with oxygen radical absorbance capacity of 28.39 ± 4.36 μM TE/g. Our results also show that faveleira oil has potential to be used as edible oil and the press cake should be used to contain the most antioxidants from seed.
Highlights
IntroductionReferred as white and/or tropical dry forest, is a semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil characterized by low annual rainfall, rocky and dry soils and it is one of the most
This work focuses on the physicochemical evaluation of faveleira seed oil from the Brazilian caatinga, as well as it investigates the bioactive properties of faveleira seeds and oil, and the press cake obtained during the oilseed processing
The density of faveleira oil in this study was very similar to rubber seed oil (0.92 g/cm3) [29] and its viscosity was close to canola oil (0.05 Pa.s) [30]
Summary
Referred as white and/or tropical dry forest, is a semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil characterized by low annual rainfall, rocky and dry soils and it is one of the most. Bioactivity of faveleira seeds and its derivatives biologically diverse semi-arid regions in the world. Poorly studied and exploited, several species of the Caatinga have been recognized as promising oilseed sources [1]. Among these species, faveleira (Cnidoscolus quercifolius) is a well-adapted Euphorbiaceae plant widely found in the Brazilian caatinga. Faveleira seeds have long been consumed by local populations, but their technological potential and industrial applications have not been fully understood and explored yet
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