Abstract
This study compared the quality of organic strawberry powders, obtained by convective drying (CD), freeze drying (FD) and spray drying (SD) methods. In the study, such analyses were performed: the content of vitamin C and polyphenols by liquid chromatography method, antioxidant activity using ABTS+• radicals, microstructure using a scanning microscope, sensory quality by profile method and the determination of the physicochemical properties. The FD powders were characterised by the highest content of vitamin C and polyphenols, obtained values were close to fresh strawberries after conversion to the dry matter content. The content of these ingredients in CD and SD powders was lower by 55%–80% for vitamin C, and 80% for the polyphenols content. Strawberry flavour was most beneficial for the FD powders, while smoothness and homogeneity of appearance were equally rated for the FD and SD powders. Strawberry powders are a concentrate source of bioactive compounds and, therefore, the FD powders should especially be mainly used as a valuable component of high-value foods, especially functional foods, while CD and SD powders can be used to enrich food with vitamin C and as a valuable natural flavour and colouring component, replacing food additives.
Highlights
Strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa, D.), which belong to the Rosaceae family, are valued for their unique taste, intense red colour and juicy texture
The higher solubility (p < 0.05) (WSI) of freeze drying (FD) powder as compared to convective drying (CD) powder could result from the difference in texture of these powders
Powders obtained thethe most commonly used methods—FD, CD and Powders obtained from fromorganic organicstrawberries strawberriesbyby most commonly used methods—FD, CD
Summary
Strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa, D.), which belong to the Rosaceae family, are valued for their unique taste, intense red colour and juicy texture. They are classified as fruit with a high content of bioactive compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Numerous studies indicate a beneficial prophylactic effect of strawberries on health [4,9,10,11,12]. Animal studies indicate the anticancer potential of freeze-dried strawberries and their dried extract in relation to oral cancer [13,14]. The beneficial effect of freeze-dried strawberries was demonstrated in studies carried out in patients with oesophageal dysplasia taking 60 g/day freeze-dried strawberries for six
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