Bioactive molecule-based nano-particulate drug delivery system for antifertility activity

Abstract

Current research work was design to develop bioactive molecule (Plumbagin) loaded nanoparticle formulation by using Design of experiment to investigate its formulation characteristics and in-vivo antifertility activity. Plumbagin belongs to the (Plumbaginaceae) family and mostly obtained from plant Plumbago indica Linn. Insolubility, instability and poor bioavailability are the factors which constrained in designing formulation of plumbagin. In order to overcome these factors, nanoparticles loaded plumbagin were formulated, this modified delivery system not only enhances the solubility and stability of plumbagin by reducing the particle size from thousands to a few hundred nanometers; when the size decreases, the active ingredient’s bioavailability increases. However, it also aids in enhancing the antifertility activity’s impact. Optimized formula was selected on the basis of design expert software and characterized. As a result, the optimized formula showed Particle size was 397.4 nm, shape of the nanoparticle was spherical detected by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Entrapment efficiency was 67.49 ± 0.047% and Zeta Potential was 25.0 mV. The disruption of the estrous cycle is indicated by the drop in FSH levels found in the in-vivo investigation. An in-vivo study reveals that the reproductive rate of albino wistar rats is decreasing. It was also discernible on the histology slide of the uterus and ovaries of the female albino rat. Follicle counts can yield valuable insights into the ovary’s functioning, particularly on the interplay between the mechanisms that control and facilitate folliculogenesis. At all test levels, no adverse symptoms were seen in any of the experimental groups after treatment. Due to high entrapment efficiency, stability, kinetics of release under simulated physiological conditions, and increased antifertility activity indicated that eudragit based nanoparticle formulation provide appropriate delivery system for Plumbagin.