Abstract
Bioactive glass nanoparticles were synthesized and tested for the first time as a new delivery system for sustained 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) release. They were characterized by TEM, DTA, TGA, and FT‐IR. The porosity % and specific surface area of glass nanoparticles were 85.59% and 378.36 m2/g, respectively. The in vitro bioactivity evaluation confirmed that bioactive glass disks prepared from these nanoparticles could induce hydroxyapatite layer over their surfaces in simulated body fluid. The in vitro drug release experiment indicated that glass nanoparticles could serve as long‐term local delivery vehicles for sustained 5‐FU release. The release profile of 5‐FU showed an initial fast release stage followed by a second stage of slower release. The initial burst release of 5‐FU in the first day was about 23% (28.92 mg·L−1) of the total amount of loaded 5‐FU, while the final cumulative percentage of the 5‐FU released after 32 days was about 45.6% (57.31 mg·L−1) of the total amount of loaded 5‐FU. The application of different mathematical models indicated that 5‐FU was released by diffusion controlled mechanism and suggested that its release rate was dependent on glass particles dissolution, changes of surface area as well as diameter of glass particles, and concentration of loaded drug.
Highlights
Cancer is considered as a serious life threatening condition
Bioactive glass nanoparticles were prepared and used for sustained 5-FU delivery. They were characterized by TEM, differential thermal analysis (DTA), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transformer infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR)
Surface area and porosity % were measured by high-speed gas sorption analyzer and mercury intrusion porosimetry technique, respectively
Summary
Cancer is considered as a serious life threatening condition. The efficacy of many anticancer drugs is limited by their abilities to reach the site of therapeutic action. A small amount of administered dose reaches the target site, while the majority of drug distributes throughout the rest of the body causing severe side effects to healthy organs. Anticancer drug such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been used to treat different types of cancer [1]. Developing a drug delivery system that optimizes the pharmaceutical action of 5-FU, while reducing its toxic side effects, is considered a challenging task
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