Abstract
Comoros Union presents a considerable biodiversity of food resources that are neglected or still not valorised, as breadfruit. This study aimed to evaluating nutritional and nutraceutical traits of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg by characterizing its main bioactive compounds, nutritional traits, and antioxidant properties in order to contribute to the development of traditional and innovative uses of this species as functional food (e.g., infant flour). Bioactive compound composition, antioxidant properties, protein and sugar content, lipids, fibre, and macro- and microelements were observed in these fruits after a specific drying process. Breadfruit showed positive nutritional traits. The main identified phenolic groups were cinnamic acids (with a maximum of 51.88 ± 2.63 mg/100 gDW for chlorogenic acid) and tannins. The highest value of antioxidant activity was 6.40 ± 1.02 mmol·Fe2+/kgDW. This preliminary phytochemical investigation may provide a contribution to the identification and quantification of lead compounds responsible for traditional nutritional and therapeutic claims.
Highlights
In the Comoros Union, as in all the developing countries, malnutrition and food insecurity a ect a very large percentage of the population [1, 2]
E country is bursting with a significant diversity of food resources, but they are naturally not exploited or neglected [4]. is is the case of the breadfruit tree (Artocarpus altilis), which has fruits rich in both starch and nutrients. e breadfruit tree (Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg) [5] is a tropical plant belonging to the Moraceae family whose seedless fruits are rich in starch. e breadfruit tree is a large monoecious tree native to the Pacific Islands with abundant white latex in different plant parts, and the tree can reach 8 to 20 m in height [6, 7]
Material and Harvest Site. e study material consisted of two fruit samples of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) that were harvested in October 2016 in the same region but at two different sites (P1—A and P2—B). e samples were collected in the southern region of Grande Comore, near the city of Ouziouani (Figure 1). e geographical coordinates are 11°53′37′′S and 43°25′24′′E for site P1—A (250 m above the sea level) and 11°53′36′′S and 43°25′27′′E for site P1—B (254 m above the sea level)
Summary
In the Comoros Union, as in all the developing countries, malnutrition and food insecurity a ect a very large percentage of the population [1, 2]. E breadfruit tree is a large monoecious tree native to the Pacific Islands with abundant white latex in different plant parts, and the tree can reach 8 to 20 m in height [6, 7]. Is is the case of the breadfruit tree (Artocarpus altilis), which has fruits rich in both starch and nutrients. It grows exclusively in tropical environments at temperatures between 15 and 40°C [8, 9]. Is work aims at determining the chemical and nutritional potential of breadfruit of the Comoros Islands for its potential as a large-scale crop to guarantee both food security and the protection of biodiversity
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