Bioactive Compounds and Fatty Acid Composition of New Turkish Hazelnut Cultivars

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to determine oil content, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and total antioxidant activity (according to DPPH and FRAP assay) of Corylus colurna (Turkish hazel), 18 Turkish standard hazelnut cultivars (Corylus avellana cvs. Tombul, Palaz, Çakıldak, Foşa, Mincane, Sivri, Kara, İncekara, Kalınkara, Cavcava, Yuvarlak Badem, Yassı Badem, Kargalak, Uzunmusa, Kan, Allahverdi, Okay 28, and Giresun Melezi) and 2 hazelnut clones (Corylus avellana cl. Kuş and Acı). Total phenolics of the hazelnut cultivars varied between 28.04 g GAE 100 g−1 dw C. colurna and 113.01 g GAE 100 g−1 dw (Allahverdi). The highest FRAP antioxidant activity was obtained from the ‘Yuvarlak Badem’ cultivar (269 mmol TE 100 g−1 dw) and the highest DPPH antioxidant activity was obtained from the ‘Çakıldak’ cultivar (25.37 mmol TE 100 g−1 dw). ‘Kan’ hazelnut cultivar had significantly higher total flavonoids (6.50 g QE 100 g−1 dw) than the other cultivars and genotypes. The highest oil ratio was observed in ‘Sivri’ (72.6%) and the lowest in ‘Giresun Melezi’ (57.2%). Present findings revealed that among the newly registered hazelnut cultivars of Turkey, ‘Allahverdi’ cultivar was prominent for total phenolics and antioxidant activity; ‘Okay 28ʹ cultivar was prominent for oil content and ‘Giresun Melezi’ cultivar was prominent for protein and fatty acids.