Bioactive Compound Impacting the Metabolism and Antibacterial Activity of Gadung Tuber (Dioscorea hispida Dennst)

Abstract

Plant extracts continue to represent an untapped source of renewable therapeutic compounds for the prevention of illnesses including metabolic disorders such as antihyperglycemia. This study was to determine and identify the chemical compounds in leaves and gadung tuber (Dioscorea hispida Dennst), a-glucosidase inhibitory effects of leaves and to test antibacterial activity of tuber against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (Gram negative). Identification of the chemical compounds was conducted using GC-MS technique, a-glucosidase inhibitory effects test was measured with spectrophotometric and antibacterial activity test was performed in vitro using agar disc diffusion assay. The bioactive compound evaluation of leaves confirmed the presence of dl-chimyl alcohol (11.82%); 10 (E), 12(Z)-conjugated linoleic acid (10.84%); stigmasterol (9.55%); heptadecane (5.94%); campesterol (5.91%). The analysis of gadung tuber revealed the presence of 7-Azabicyclo [4.1.0] heptane, 1-methgyl- (23.16%); n-Hexadecanoic acid (18.85%); 10E, 12(Z)-Conjugated linoleic acid (13.73%); 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 -hexaoxacyclooctadecane (4.34%); 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (4.07%). IC50 values inhibition of a-glucosidase extract was >300 ppm and glucobay standard was 0.210 ppm. The antimicrobial activity was performed against bacteria, its inhibitory effect. The results concluded that gadung tuber has great potential to invade some human pathogenic bacteria as it showed zone inhibition. Results from this research show that the concentration of gadung tuber compound has a low inhibition of alpha glucosidase activity. Further research is required to fully elucidate the bioactive compounds in this plant using vigorous analytical methods to be potentially responsible for health benefits