Bioactive Components from Qingwen Baidu Decoction against LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats.

Qi Zhang,Yan Zhang,Hai-Min Lei,Cheng-Ke Cai,Qing Wang,Jing-Jing Wu,Qiang Li,Dan-Yang Chen,Wen-Jie Han,Jing Nie,Su-Juan Chen,Peng-Long Wang,Zhi-Qiang Ma

doi:10.3390/molecules22050692

Abstract

Qingwen Baidu Decoction (QBD) is an extraordinarily “cold” formula. It was traditionally used to cure epidemic hemorrhagic fever, intestinal typhoid fever, influenza, sepsis and so on. The purpose of this study was to discover relationships between the change of the constituents in different extracts of QBD and the pharmacological effect in a rat model of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The study aimed to discover the changes in constituents of different QBD extracts and the pharmacological effects on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by LPS. The results demonstrated that high dose and middle dose of QBD had significantly potent anti-inflammatory effects and reduced pulmonary edema caused by ALI in rats (p < 0.05). To explore the underlying constituents of QBD, we assessed its influence of six different QBD extracts on ALI and analyzed the different constituents in the corresponding HPLC chromatograms by a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. The results showed that the pharmacological effect of QBD was related to the polarity of its extracts, and the medium polarity extracts E2 and E5 in particular displayed much better protective effects against ALI than other groups. Moreover, HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn and PCA analysis showed that verbascoside and angoroside C played a key role in reducing pulmonary edema. In addition, the current study revealed that ethyl gallate, pentagalloylglucose, galloyl paeoniflorin, mudanpioside C and harpagoside can treat ALI mainly by reducing the total cells and infiltration of activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).

Highlights

Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are clinical syndromes characterized by acute-onset bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and non-cardiogenic lung edema [1], which cause the high mortality in critically ill patients [2]
The study aimed to discover the differences in the constituents of different extracts of Qingwen Baidu Decoction (QBD) and their pharmacological effect in an acute lung injury (ALI) rat model induced by LPS, on anti-inflammatory activity and edema inhibition effect
It was important to note that this study had demonstrated that the pharmacological effect of QBD was related to the polarity of its extracts, especially the semi-polar extracts S2 and S5

Summary

Introduction

Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are clinical syndromes characterized by acute-onset bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and non-cardiogenic lung edema [1], which cause the high mortality in critically ill patients [2]. With the high in-hospital morbidity and mortality, ALI represents a serious problem among patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) [3]. A variety of clinical disorders, such as pneumonia, aspiration of gastric content, sepsis, major trauma and acute pancreatitis, can induce the occurrence of ALI [5]. The release of LPS from the outermost membrane of Gram-negative bacteria has been recognized as a principal pathogen in the pulmonary inflammation and sepsis process leading to ALI/ARDS [6,7]. Acute exposure to LPS provokes the innate immune system, leading to the activation of monocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes [8,9]

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