Abstract
The occurrence of opportunistic local infections and improper integration of metallic implants results in severe health conditions. Protective and tunable coatings represent an attractive and challenging selection for improving the metallic devices’ biofunctional performances to restore or replace bone tissue. Composite materials based on hydroxyapatite (HAp), Kanamycin (KAN), and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) are herein proposed as multifunctional coatings for hard tissue implants. The superior cytocompatibility of the obtained composite coatings was evidenced by performing proliferation and morphological assays on osteoblast cell cultures. The addition of FGF2 proved beneficial concerning the metabolic activity, adhesion, and spreading of cells. The KAN-embedded coatings exhibited significant inhibitory effects against bacterial biofilm development for at least two days, the results being superior in the case of Gram-positive pathogens. HAp-based coatings embedded with KAN and FGF2 protein are proposed as multifunctional materials with superior osseointegration potential and the ability to reduce device-associated infections.
Highlights
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys represent suitable candidates for the fabrication of implantable devices intended to restore [1,2,3,4] and replace [5,6,7] severely damaged hard tissues or bone losses
In addition to excellent intrinsic biocompatibility, such materials possess tunable composition and versatile structure, which are beneficial for the development of various orthopedic and orthodontic implantable devices
In the current study, we aimed to obtain composite coatings based on hydroxyapatite, aminoglycoside antibiotic (Kanamycin), and fibroblast growth factor by matrixassisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) technique in order to increase the biocompatibility of commercial implant materials by promoting the cell attachment and growth without toxic effects, and the inhibition of microbial biofilm formation
Summary
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys represent suitable candidates for the fabrication of implantable devices intended to restore (plates, screws, nails, and wires) [1,2,3,4] and replace (bone implants, joint prostheses, and dental abutments) [5,6,7] severely damaged hard tissues or bone losses. In addition to excellent intrinsic biocompatibility, such materials possess tunable composition (alloying process guided by the final application) and versatile structure (compact or porous microstructure depending on the final product, such as fixation elements, cortical bone and trabecular bone replacements, respectively), which are beneficial for the development of various orthopedic and orthodontic implantable devices. Ti-based materials for manufacturing implants used to partially or completely replace the injured bone tissue [8,9,10,11,12]. Clinical limitations of Ti and Ti alloys for orthopedic and orthodontic uses rely on their intrinsic inertness and poor biological activity [13,14]. Surface modification and surface coating are versatile strategies to mediate the osseointegration of Ti-based implantable devices through osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, and osteogenesis potential [15,16]
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