Bioactive Coating on Titanium Dental Implants for Improved Anticorrosion Protection: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

Jozefina Katić,Nives Matijaković,Ines Despotović,Ankica Šarić,Marin Petković,Željka Petrović

doi:10.3390/coatings9100612

Jozefina Katić, Nives Matijaković + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9100612

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Journal: Coatings	Publication Date: Sep 25, 2019
Citations: 19	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Zagreb, Rudjer Boskovic Institute

Abstract

In recent years, extensive studies have been continuously undertaken on the design of bioactive and biomimetic dental implant surfaces due to the need for improvement of the implant–bone interface properties. In this paper, the titanium dental implant surface was modified by bioactive vitamin D3 molecules by a self-assembly process in order to form an improved anticorrosion coating. Surface characterization of the modified implant was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and contact angle measurements (CA). The implant’s electrochemical stability during exposure to an artificial saliva solution was monitored in situ by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results obtained were corroborated by means of quantum chemical calculations at the density functional theory level (DFT). The formation mechanism of the coating onto the titanium implant surface was proposed. During a prolonged immersion period, the bioactive coating effectively prevented a corrosive attack on the underlying titanium (polarization resistance in order of 107 Ω cm2) with ~95% protection effectiveness.

Highlights

Titanium and its alloys are the most commonly used implant materials, which represent gold standards for dental implant fabrication due to their exceptional combination of high corrosion resistivity, favourable mechanical properties, and biocompatibility [1,2,3]
Surface characterization of the modified implant was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and contact angle measurements (CA)
The titanium dental implant was functionalized with bioactive molecules of vitamin

Summary

Introduction

Titanium and its alloys are the most commonly used implant materials, which represent gold standards for dental implant fabrication due to their exceptional combination of high corrosion resistivity, favourable mechanical properties, and biocompatibility [1,2,3]. Surface modification, which in recent years has been in the focus of extensive research, is one of strategies for improving corrosion resistivity, biocompatibility, and bioactivity of dental implants [3,8,9,10]. It has been reported that the presence of inorganic coatings such as calcium phosphates [11] or hydroxyapatite [12,13] promotes and accelerates bone formation in implant surroundings. Nano-hydroxyapatite is used as a single coating or in a combination with collagen, bio glass, or titanium dioxide in a composite coating to imitate the bio-environment of native bones [14]

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