Abstract
Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold has been widely used as bone graft substitutes. In order to deal with formidable defects in clinic, such as critical-sized bone defects or elderly patients with low regeneration capacity, a recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) was further loaded into CPC scaffold currently. In this chapter, effects of the surface properties, microstructure, and chemical composition on the bioactivity of rhBMP-2 were carried out. The osteogenic activity of CPC/rhBMP-2 in vitro and in vivo and the underlying mechanism were reported. Additionally, the clinical application of this active CPC/rhBMP-2 scaffold was also presented. These findings will provide insightful guide for the design and fabrication of rhBMP-2-based scaffolds/implants and further promote the clinical translation of growth factor-loaded porous scaffolds for bone regeneration.
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