Abstract
In the present study, bacterial strains were isolated from soil, sediment and water samples of metal contaminated industrial area and investigated the heavy metal resistance and bioaccumulation potential of the isolates. Cadmium analysis of the samples revealed that Cd concentration varying from 2.31µg L -1 to 8.96 µg L -1 in water, 0.55µg g -1 to 25.44µg g -1 in soil and 0.45µg g -1 to 22.90µg g -1 in sediment. Cadmium resistance studies of the bacterial isolates showed that out of 164 isolates collected most of them showed low resistance ( 1500µg/ml. Ten bacterial genera were represented in soil and 11 from water, while only 5 bacterial genera were recorded from sediment samples. Bacillus, pseudomonas and Enterobacter were found in soil, sediment and water samples. Results of cadmium removal study revealed that with increase in time, the biomass of the selected Pseudomonas sp. increased. Correspondingly, with increase in biomass, the cadmium bioaccumulation was also increased. Relatively an Increased removal of cadmium was observed in the first day of the experiment. About 40% of the cadmium in the experimental flask was reduced while only 5% reduction occurs in the control flasks till the end of the experiment (74hours). Comparatively cadmium showed higher reduction at pH 7. From the results, it could be concluded that the selected bacterial isolates possessed potential in respect of bioaccumulation activity and thus, appeared to be an appropriate nominee in bioremediation processes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.61.3.1268
Highlights
Manufacture of heavy metal has greatly increased since the industrial revolution (Ayres 1992)
A total of 18 bacterial genera were recorded from the selected industrial area. bacterial genera were represented from soil, from water and only 5 were recorded from sediment samples (Table 2)
Amounts (3μg L-1) of cadmium in the water samples obtained from the selected industrial area were higher than permitted by the WHO 1993 standard
Summary
Manufacture of heavy metal has greatly increased since the industrial revolution (Ayres 1992). Heavy metal represents a significant hazard for the human health and the ecosystem (Boopathy 2000), and it usually forms compounds that can be toxic, carcinogenic or mutagenic even at very low concentrations (Ruiz-Manriquez et al 1997). Some heavy metal, including iron, zinc, copper and manganese, is micronutrient used in the redox processes, in regulation of osmotic pressure as enzyme cofactor, and it has special importance to maintenance of the protein structure (Vallee and Auld 1990). Metals, including lead, cadmium etc., do not play any known physiological role and are, toxic. Scientific literature indicates that cadmium is one of heavy metal that has been recognized as a potent human toxin with reports of many diseases. The kidney, especially the renal tract, is a critical organ of intoxication after the exposure to cadmium
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