Bio-metaphor in Iraqi architecture (Date Palm as model(

Abstract

The Bio metaphor concept plays a significant role in architectural design process, by employing diverse a specifics organism sources like a plants or animals. As the metaphor was an essential source for many architects in their achievements throughout the ages. So Plants have represented one of the inspiration sources metaphoric in architecture. From that point, the general goal of this research is to study the bio metaphor from date palm tree in Iraqi architecture, and the effect of the morphological of this tree on Iraqi architects, and thus its effect on production. This research deals specifically and practically with Employing the concept of metaphor in Iraqi architecture throughout the ages, by studying models of various buildings from different stages of the Mesopotamian civilization, starting from the Sumerian to contemporary of Iraqi architecture. From all that above the main problem that this research deals with is “The unclear approach to employing bio metaphor "date palm tree" in specific”. in Iraqi architecture.Accomplishing the methodology of this research lies in two points: First: Studying the rules which govern employed of metaphor in architecture in general. Second: Extracting the indicators of the theoretical framework and then applying them to various buildings for different periods of Mesopotamia civilization, as for the most prominent results that research reached was "bio metaphor used palm tree in different ways and methods including structural and decorative aspect” so, the metaphor that relates to the structural aspect is stronger than the metaphor that relates to the ornamental aspect. Because the first be within the morphological of the building, while the second It just final addition to the façade of the building.