Bio Larvacide Efficacy and Residual Effect on Aedes Aegypti Larvae's Elimination

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) has always become a phenomenon throughout Indonesia every year while vector control conducted has not yet obtained optimal results. As such, it is necessary to search for alternatives vector control to minimize DHF cases. Objective: Biolarvacide (Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis) can kill genus of mosquito larvae and has received government's approval usage in Indonesia. The preliminary study indicated 1 drop in 2.5 liters of water was able to kill the larvae of aedes aegypti less than 80% indicating inaccuracy dosage yet making it is necessary to do research on the efficacy and residual effect of Biolarvacide before it is widely disseminated for public use. The purpose of this study is to determine the effective dosage of biolarvacide and its residual effects in killing the larvae of aedes aegypti. Methods: This research was an experiment at the entomology laboratory in Pangandaran, West Java. Biolarvacide efficacy test was conducted at various dosages (1 drop, 2 drops, and 3 drops) in 2.5 liters of clean water occupied by 25 larvae of aedes aegypti. Efficacy test was performed during 48 hours. Once the effective dosage was found, the residual effect test was performed at 1st to 7th weeks to count the number of aedes aegypti larvae bodies. The data were analyzed by using The Mann-Whitney U test. Result: The efficacy test results showed that the effective biolarvacide dosage to kill Aedes aegypti is 2 drops per 2.5 liters of clean water. The test results of biolarvacide residual effect to Aedes aegypti larvae elimination in the 1st to 4th week was 100%, 72.8% in the 5th week, 7.2% in the 6th week and 2.4% in the 7 th week which were less effective if compared to abate residual which is always fixed at 100% the whole weeks. Conclusion: The residual effect of biolarvacide can effectively control Aedes aegypti larvae up to four weeks at a dosage of 2 drops per 2.5 liters of clean water. However, the residual effect of biolarvacide is still less powerful than the abate. Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), Biolarvacide, residual, Aedes aegypti