Abstract
Background: On 30 January 2020, a public health emergency of international concern was declared as a result of the new COVID-19 disease, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This virus is transmitted by air and, therefore, clinical practices with the production of contaminant aerosols are highly at risk. The purpose of this review was to assess the effectiveness of bio-inspired systems, as adjuvants to nonsurgical periodontal therapy, in order to formulate bio-inspired protocols aimed at restoring optimal condition, reducing bacteremia and aerosols generation. Methods: A comprehensive and bibliometric review of articles published in English. Research of clinical trials (RCTs) were included with participants with chronic or aggressive periodontal disease, that have compared benefits for nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Results: Seventy-four articles have been included. For probing depth (PPD) there was a statically significant improvement in laser, probiotic, chlorhexidine groups, such as gain in clinical attachment level (CAL). Bleeding on probing (BOP) reduction was statistically significant only for probiotic and chlorhexidine groups. There were changes in microbiological and immunological parameters. Conclusions: The use of bio-inspired systems in nonsurgical periodontal treatment may be useful in reducing risk of bacteremia and aerosol generation, improving clinical, microbiological and immunological parameters, of fundamental importance in a context of global pandemic, where the reduction of bacterial load in aerosols becomes a pivotal point of clinical practice, but other clinical trials are necessary to achieve statistical validity.
Highlights
On 30 January 2020, a public health emergency of international importance was declared as a result of the new disease COVID-19, an infection caused by a virus never identified in humans, SARS-CoV-2
It is an RNA virus covered by a capsid and a peri-capsid, crossed by glycoproteic structures that give it the typical appearance of a corona; it binds to the cell thanks to the interaction of the spike protein with the cellular receptor angiotensin-convertin enzyme 2 (ACE2) [1,2,3]
A total of 458 articles on the use of minimally invasive technologies in nonsurgical periodontal treatment emerged from several researchers
Summary
On 30 January 2020, a public health emergency of international importance was declared as a result of the new disease COVID-19, an infection caused by a virus never identified in humans, SARS-CoV-2. On 30 January 2020, a public health emergency of international concern was declared as a result of the new COVID-19 disease, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus This virus is transmitted by air and, clinical practices with the production of contaminant aerosols are highly at risk. Conclusions: The use of bio-inspired systems in nonsurgical periodontal treatment may be useful in reducing risk of bacteremia and aerosol generation, improving clinical, microbiological and immunological parameters, of fundamental importance in a context of global pandemic, where the reduction of bacterial load in aerosols becomes a pivotal point of clinical practice, but other clinical trials are necessary to achieve statistical validity
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