Abstract
The imitation of natural systems to produce effective antifouling materials is often referred to as “biomimetics”. The world of biomimetics is a multidisciplinary one, needing careful understanding of “biological structures”, processes and principles of various organisms found in nature and based on this, designing nanodevices and nanomaterials that are of commercial interest to industry. Looking to the marine environment for bioinspired surfaces offers researchers a wealth of topographies to explore. Particular attention has been given to the evaluation of textures based on marine organisms tested in either the laboratory or the field. The findings of the review relate to the numbers of studies on textured surfaces demonstrating antifouling potential which are significant. However, many of these are only tested in the laboratory, where it is acknowledged a very different response to fouling is observed.
Highlights
Biofouling is a major problem in marine waters where most immersed surfaces become fouled to some extent, developing large amounts of biomass
Iattdereiaallsswainthdthtoe pportoednuticael oaf scuormfapcelemteoldyifincoavtieoln, ainngdenpeerrahl,aps a non-atnodxitcechmneiqchueasnuissmed,oafs aanvtiiambliecrcoombipaol naecnttivoiftyfut[u1r2e,1a8q,u1a9t]i.c aTnhteifoauilmingosftrtahteisgirees.view is to show the earli2e.sSturafnadce Mlaotedsitfickatnioonwledge, surrounding biological responses to marine inspired surface topography. It deals with the potential of surface modification in general, and techniques used, as a viable coTmhepostnuednytooffsfuurtfuarcee taoqpuoagtriacpahnitciaflofuelaitnugresstrhaatsegbeiecso.me increasingly popular, with numerous studies reporting intricate natural topographies found on many organisms that are known to resist
This review shows that inspiration from marine organisms has provided surface textures that have been replicated using a variety of fabrication techniques
Summary
Biofouling is a major problem in marine waters where most immersed surfaces become fouled to some extent, developing large amounts of biomass. Iattdereiaallsswainthdthtoe pportoednuticael oaf scuormfapcelemteoldyifincoavtieoln, ainngdenpeerrahl,aps a non-atnodxitcechmneiqchueasnuissmed,oafs aanvtiiambliecrcoombipaol naecnttivoiftyfut[u1r2e,1a8q,u1a9t]i.c aTnhteifoauilmingosftrtahteisgirees.view is to show the earli2e.sSturafnadce Mlaotedsitfickatnioonwledge, surrounding biological responses to marine inspired surface topography It deals with the potential of surface modification in general, and techniques used, as a viable coTmhepostnuednytooffsfuurtfuarcee taoqpuoagtriacpahnitciaflofuelaitnugresstrhaatsegbeiecso.me increasingly popular, with numerous studies reporting intricate natural topographies found on many organisms that are known to resist. The foundation of the DLVO theory is to differentiate interactions between colloidal particles or a colloidal particle and a substrate This theory offers an explanation behind the adhesion of algal cells to a surface. Where ∆Gab refers to acid and base interactions [28] Another theoretical model proposed for the explanation behind cell adhesion is that of thermodynamic theory. Many different surface topographies at both the micro- and nano-scale level (i.e., channels, pillars, riblets, pits) were obtained through the use of various different fabrication methods [34]
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