Abstract
Relentless progress has been made on composite materials, their manufacturing processes and their structural design in past few decades. Nevertheless, the approval of composite materials in all engineering disciplines is constrained due to its susceptibility to various kinds of defects during manufacturing stage viz porosity, foreign body inclusion, incorrect fiber volume, bonding defect, fiber misalignment, ply misalignment, incorrect curing cycle, wavy fiber, ply cracking, delamination, fiber microstructural defects etc. Hence there was a requirement of techniques to somehow overcome these defects during the service life of composites being used in various structures and equipment. This promising field of research has made great progress over the past several years, but many procedural encounters are still to be overcome, and there exists a great need for focused research to address several areas of concern. On the other hand, nature has materials that have curing potential and repair strategies ensuring their survival. Sustained development in the field will produce new curing chemistries that possess greater stability, faster kinetics. Tailor-made placement of curing agents is dynamic research subject at the cutting edge of self-curing. New bio-imitative curing agents are closely connected to vascular networks. The purpose of this technical paper is to sort the methodology in line with ongoing research efforts in composites. A perspective on current and future self-curing approaches using this biomimetic technique is offered.
Highlights
Water, one of the most important and most abundant compounds on earth, is vital to the survival of any organism
Drinking water samples from 5 sachet water companies, 3 boreholes and 2 taps, collected from different locations of Dutse Metropolis of Jigawa State, Nigeria were analysed for coliform bacterial counts using the Membrane Filtration Technique
The current work revealed that most of the drinking water in the study area did not meet the set standards as the coliform bacterial loads were above the limits set by the Nigerian Industrial Standard
Summary
One of the most important and most abundant compounds on earth, is vital to the survival of any organism. Safe drinking water, which is essential for the survival of humans and animals, is unavailable to about one billion of the world’s people living in poverty [2]. The World Health Organization highlighted at least seventeen different genera of bacteria that may be found in drinking water sources which can cause disease in man [3] and animals [4]. Water is a nutrient of extreme importance for animals and is intimately involved in a wide array of bodily functions. It serves as the universal solvent in the extracellular and intracellular compartments, as 99% of all molecules in the body are carried in it [7]
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