Abstract
This review describes a number of biologically inspired principles that have been applied to the visual guidance, navigation and control of Unmanned Aerial System (UAS). The current limitations of UAS systems are outlined, such as the over-reliance on GPS, the requirement for more self-reliant systems and the need for UAS to have a greater understanding of their environment. It is evident that insects, even with their small brains and limited intelligence, have overcome many of the shortcomings of the current state of the art in autonomous aerial guidance. This has motivated research into bio-inspired systems and algorithms, specifically vision-based navigation, situational awareness and guidance.
Highlights
The past decade has seen an ever-increasing trend toward the use of autonomous robots for civil and defence applications
The constant bearing and pursuit techniques were tested under the same initial conditions in simulation
The P gain was optimised as the sensorimotor delay was compensated through the ratio of P and D in (3). It is demonstrated by Strydom, et al [143] that the constant bearing strategy outperforms the pursuit strategy, as measured by the time taken for the pursuer to intercept the target
Summary
The past decade has seen an ever-increasing trend toward the use of autonomous robots for civil and defence applications. Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) have become a resourceful solution in many commercial flight operations. There is a rich variety of UAS designs, ranging from medium to large fixed wing endurance aircraft (e.g., Global Hawk, Reaper, Scan Eagle) to smaller, more manoeuvrable, deployed multi-rotor platforms (e.g., Phantom Drone, Parrot AR Drone).
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