Abstract
Electrochemically exfoliated graphene (eeG) layers possess a variety of potential applications, e.g. as susceptor material for contactless induction heating in dynamic electro-magnetic fields, and as flexible and transparent electrode or resistivity heating elements. Spray coating of eeG dispersions was investigated in detail as a simple and fast method to deposit both, thin conducting layers and ring structures on polycarbonate substrates. The spray coating process was examined by systematic variation of dispersion concentration and volume applied to heated substrates. Properties of the obtained layers were characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy, SEM and Confocal Scanning Microscopy. Electrical conductivity of eeG ring structures was measured using micro-four-point measurements. Modification of eeG with poly(dopamine) and post-thermal treatment yields in the reduction of the oxidized graphene proportion, an increase in electrical conductivity, and mechanical stabilization of the deposited thin layers. The chemical composition of modified eeG layer was analyzed via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy pointing to the reductive behavior of poly(dopamine). Application oriented experiments demonstrate the direct electric current heating (Joule-Heating) effect of spray-coated eeG layers.
Highlights
Allotropes of carbon have played a role in the development of new materials but have been used in consumables for several decades
6 ml of a 0.25 mg ml−1 exfoliated graphene (eeG) dispersion was used to develop the discernible area of impact (AoI)
With this limited area the mass of adherent eeG per sprayed dispersion volume can be approximated by subtracting the measured area due to the given substrate geometries of eeG layer and ring-structure in sections 2.2 and 2.5
Summary
Allotropes of carbon have played a role in the development of new materials but have been used in consumables for several decades. The aim was to adapt polymers for new applications that resulted from the desired performance properties of consumer goods. Such as tailor-made polymer materials should combine high mechanical stability and good electrical conductivity while e.g. maintaining the polymer’s transparency. An effective and efficient synthesis of individual graphene sheets guarantees the excellent properties that can improve the quality of consumer goods. They play a major role in photoelectric devices [12], electrically conductive transparent films, and heaters [13, 14]. Graphene was applied to fabricate electrodes for retinal prosthesis [15]
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