Abstract
BackgroundThe present research project was designed to evaluate the cholesterol lowering potential of different date varieties including one exotic (Ajwa) and three Pakistani varieties (Aseel, Khudravi, Hallawi).MethodsThe albino rats were divided into six groups on the basis of different diets which includes, control having basal diet, high cholesterol high sucrose diet, high cholesterol high sucrose diet plus Khudravi dates, high cholesterol high sucrose diet plus Hallawi dates, high cholesterol high sucrose diet plus Aseel dates, high cholesterol high sucrose diet plus Ajwa dates to evaluate maximum cholesterol lowering potential of each date variety.ResultsThe results showed that Hallawi and Ajwa have lower crude fiber content as 2.02 ± 0.03% and 2.43 ± 0.04% however, lowest crude fat content (0.26 ± 0.01%) was also observed in ajwa. Mineral profile depicted that sodium (9.50–18.00 mg/100 g) was found to be in lesser amount among all varieties whereas, higher amount of potassium (465.00 to 887.20 mg/100 g) depicted that it is suitable for people having hypertension. Higher amount of reducing sugar was also observed in ajwa (79.45 ± 1.22%) followed by Hallawi (77.68 ± 1.42%). Total phenolic contents were found higher in Aseel (291.36 mg/100 g) whereas, minimum was observed in Khudravi (232.64 mg/100 g). Furthermore, date varieties were also examined rat modeling to evaluate their maximum cholesterol lowering efficiency. Ajwa and Hallawi were observed to suppress the cholesterol efficiently as 110 mg/dL and 103 mg/dL respectively. On the basis of chemical profiling and other parameters, two date varieties Ajwa and Hallawi showed almost similar results and found to have maximum serum cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride reduction potential with good kidney and liver functions. Functional date bar was also developed by using Hallawi variety andsubjected to sensory evaluation.ConclusionIn nutshell, Hallawi date variety was considered as better cholesterol lowering potential among other indigenous varieties and very close to Ajwa variety. So that Hallawi can be used to suppress the deadly effects of obesity and allied discrepancies particularly hypercholesterolemia.
Highlights
The diseases which are associated with life style are due to the behavioral and dietary risk factors which have hazardous effects on metabolic and physiological conditions of people
Indigenous varieties includes Hallawi Aseel and Khudravi were collected from Date Palm Research Sub-Station, Jhang-Pakistan and one exotic which is Ajwa was imported from Saudi Arabia
The results reveal that ash content in four date varieties ranged from 1.68 ± 0.04% to 2.15 ± 0.19%
Summary
The diseases which are associated with life style are due to the behavioral and dietary risk factors which have hazardous effects on metabolic and physiological conditions of people. Date fruit contain carbohydrates (44–48%), dietary fiber (9.6%, with 2.5%), minute amount of fat (0.2 to 0.5%), protein (2.3 to 5.6%) and higher amount of macro minerals potassium calcium and vitamins Its composition makes it suitable to lower the occurrence of certain coronary diseases, diabetes and most important obesity which is a major heath threatening risk factor [8]. A date based food bar supplemented with chick peas as a cheap source of high quality protein containing lysine an essential amino acid and 22 other amino acids including 8 essential amino acids present in date flesh Their low moisture can complement the high moisture content (60%) of date flesh giving the date bar suitable matrix without addition of water externally and thereby increasing storability and nuts can be prepared and utilized to reduce the risk factors of obesity [11]. The present research project was designed to evaluate the cholesterol lowering potential of different date varieties including one exotic (Ajwa) and three Pakistani varieties (Aseel, Khudravi, Hallawi)
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