Bio contamination of surfaces and medical devices in controlled environment areas at a hospital in Morocco

Samira Jaouhar,Abdelhakim El Ouali Lalami,Jawad Bouzid,Mohammed Maoulouaa,Khadija Ouarrak,Khadija Bekhti,S Bourekkadi,A Mokhtari,H Hami,K Slimani,A Soulaymani

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202131901080

Abstract

The hospital environment, especially medical devices and surfaces, represents a secondary reservoir for pathogens. This work aims to evaluate the microbiological quality of surfaces and medical equipment of controlled environment services (burn unit, operating room, and sterilization service) at a hospital in Meknes (center of Morocco). This study was carried out for three months (September-December of 2017). A total of 63 samples were taken by swabbing technique from different surfaces and medical equipment after bio-cleaning. Identification was performed according to conventional bacteriological methods and by microscopic observation for fungi. The study showed that 68% of the surface was contaminated. The operating room recorded a rate of 93% of contamination (p-value <0.01), 83% for sterilization service, and 47% for burn unit. A percentage of 67% of the isolates were identified as Gram-positive bacteria against 32% Gram-negative bacteria (p-value <0.05). Bacterial identification showed Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (45%), Enterobacter cloacae (14%), Micrococcus sp (10%), Klebsiella pneumoniae, peptostreptococcus sp and Pseudomonas fluorescens (7% for each one), Escherichia coli, and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (5% for each one). These results require corrective action represented by rigorous cleaning and disinfection procedures.

Highlights

The hospital environment is generally colonized by many opportunistic and pathogens microorganisms for humans [1]
This work aims to evaluate the microbiological quality of surfaces and medical equipment of controlled environment services at a hospital in Meknes
The flora resulting from human activity, such as cutaneous flora [Staphylococcus aureus] or mucous membrane bacteria, and certain bacterial species of hydrous flora (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) may be responsible for Health-care Associated Infections (HAI) [8,9]

Summary

Introduction

The hospital environment is generally colonized by many opportunistic and pathogens microorganisms for humans [1]. Hospital surfaces and medical devices could be contaminated by patients, caregivers' hands, or the environment [3, 4]. This contamination depends on the time, the services, the patients, and the care techniques used [5]. The aim of this work, which was carried for the first time at a hospital in Meknes, was to examine the microbiological quality of surfaces and medical equipment of controlled environment services (burn unit, central block, and sterilization service). This study will help decision-makers to develop an appropriate risk analysis strategy to control the risk associated with the hospital environment

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Results

Conclusion