Abstract
The present study evaluated the effects of biofertilizers on qualitative and quantitative traits of Nigella sativa L. The experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with 10 treatments and three replications. The treatments included control (no fertilization), U (100% chemical fertilizer as urea at 53.3 kg ha−1, Nb (Biofertilizer, Azotobacter vinelandii), Pb (Biofertilizer, Pantoea agglomerans and Pseudomonas putida), Kb (Biofertilizer, Bacillus spp.), NPKb (NPK combined biofertilizers), Nb + 50% U, Pb + 50% U, Kb + 50% U, and NPKb + 50% U. The highest oil percentage was 46.33 percent related to NPK(b) + U50%, and the highest oil yield was 466.43 kg/ha related to NPK(b) + U50%. The highest seed yield (1006.64 kg/ha) was observed in the plants treated with NPK(b) + U50%. The treatment of K(b) + U50% increased myristic acid by 0.35%. The NPK(b) + U50% treatment reduced palmitic, stearic, and linolenic acid by 11.3, 2.01, and 0.31%, respectively. The highest oleic acid (27.85%) and linoleic acid (56.6%) were obtained from the treatment of NPK(b) + U50%, respectively. The plants treated with NPK(b) + U50% showed the highest seed N percentage (%), P content (mg g−1) and K content (mg g−1). In general, NPK(b) + U50% is the best treatment in line with sustainable agriculture.
Highlights
IntroductionGiven the possible adverse effects of excessive use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers on the quantity and quality of active ingredients of medicinal plants, many pharmaceutical companies prefer raw materials produced by sustainable and organic systems [1,2,3]
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a bio-chemical fertilizer system as a practical and cost-effective method on yield components, oil yield, and fatty acid profiles of Nigella sativa
The results of our study showed that biofertilizers alone or in combination with urea improved seed yield per hectare
Summary
Given the possible adverse effects of excessive use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers on the quantity and quality of active ingredients of medicinal plants, many pharmaceutical companies prefer raw materials produced by sustainable and organic systems [1,2,3]. In addition to their economic value, medicinal plants are capable of adapting with organic cultivation methods [4]. Their organic production is unlikely to have a negative impact on their medicinal quality [5]
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