Abstract
In this work, graphene carbon sheets (BGS) were prepared from writing paper and lemon peel, and its polymer composite has a higher surface area compared with the existing Vulcan carbon. Further, the use of lead as a promoter for the oxidation of alcohol and CO on platinum-supported poly(amine-terminated cyclophosphazene-co-cyclophosphazene)-biobased graphene sheet (Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-BGS) composite was demonstrated. The size, phase morphology, and distribution of metal nanoparticles on Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-BGS composite as well as the formation of composite based catalysts were confirmed from TEM, XRD, and FTIR studies. The catalytic activity and stability of the prepared catalysts were tested and compared to methanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, and CO in 0.5 M KOH solution. The results conclude that the lead-doped Pt/Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-BGS catalyst shows higher oxidation current with respect to onset potential and lower I f / I r ratio for alcohol as well as CO oxidation. In addition, Pt-Pb/Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-BGS catalyst was checked for direct alkaline fuel cells and proved as a potent anode catalyst in alkaline medium for real-time fuel battery applications. In addition, Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-BGS composite also promotes the catalytic reaction compared to Poly(AFCP-co-CP) and BGS supports as noticed from methanol oxidation in alkaline medium. The surface area of the prepared supporting material is 750.72 m2g-1, which is higher than the activated carbon (250.12m2g-1). So, the prepared Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-BGS composite is a potent support for metal deposition, electrooxidation, and single stack fuel cell constructions.
Highlights
The increasing population, development in technology, modern culture, and sophisticated modern appliances require large quantity of power and increase the demand of power day by day
It has been noticed that the steady-state oxidation currents have been observed within a few seconds for methanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol in alkaline medium on both the electrodes. These results indicate that the metal nanoparticle-deposited Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-biobased graphene carbon sheets (BGS) composite shows good catalytic performance and stability, which are due to the uniform distribution of metal nanoparticles and chemical interaction between metal nanoparticles and Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-BGS composite
Platinum-lead bimetallic nanoparticles have been loaded on Poly(AFCP-co-CP)-BGS composite through codeposition method to promote both electrooxidation of alcohol and CO oxidation, which are essential processes for fuel cell applications
Summary
The increasing population, development in technology, modern culture, and sophisticated modern appliances require large quantity of power and increase the demand of power day by day. The depletion of fossil fuel, scarcity, and its high cost are tempting the scientists to search some new energy resources. In this aspect, alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells (ADAFCs) have received much attention as they have more advantageous properties like improved methanol oxidation kinetics in alkaline than that of the acidic media. Alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells (ADAFCs) have received much attention as they have more advantageous properties like improved methanol oxidation kinetics in alkaline than that of the acidic media They have low permeability of alcohol from anode to cathode and low-cost membranes [1, 2]. Conductive polymers [11]; carbon-based materials like graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, and mesoporous carbon [12,13,14,15]; metal sulfides [16]; and zeolites [17] are used as catalyst supports for various applications
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