Bio-Based Adhesives for Wooden Boatbuilding

Pasqualino Corigliano,Alberto Marinò,Vincenzo Crupi,Serena Bertagna

doi:10.3390/jmse9010028

Pasqualino Corigliano, Alberto Marinò + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9010028

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Abstract

The aim of the present investigation was to assess the behaviour of strip-planked parts by comparing wooden specimens glued using two different bio-based adhesives with wooden specimens glued using a conventional epoxy resin generally used in boatbuilding. Experimental tests in accordance with UNI EN standards were performed in order to evaluate mechanical properties such as tensile strength, shear strength, elastic modulus and shear modulus. In addition, compression shear tests were performed in order to assess the shear modulus of the adhesives. The obtained results demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the investigated bio-based adhesives are comparable to, and sometimes better than, the conventional epoxy resin. Moreover, the experimental results give useful information for the design of wooden boats when the strip-planking process is used. Furthermore, a new procedure to assess the shear modulus of elasticity and shear strength, using the application of compression loadings, was proposed. The results were compared to standard lap-joint tests and showed even lower dispersion. Consequently, the testing procedure proposed by the authors is valid to assess shear properties under compression loading, and it can be applied in most laboratories since it involves the use of common testing devices.

Highlights

Fibre-reinforced polymers (FRPs) are the most used materials for the construction of small-size vessels
The experimental tests were performed at a constant crosshead speed not exceeding 5 mm/min, such that the time required to reach failure was in the range of 30 to 90 s
For the Mahogany Sapele, the bio-adhesives A and B provided similar results; they were best in terms of shear stress but worst in terms of shear modulus

Summary

Introduction

Fibre-reinforced polymers (FRPs) are the most used materials for the construction of small-size vessels. Some recycling and reuse technologies have been studied and developed [8,9,10,11], even though the heterogeneous nature of matrices and reinforcements complicates such processes [12] As a consequence, these recycling techniques involve high costs, questionable environmental impact, and lower quality of the attained products [13]. FRP materials use a significantly high amount of energy for their production [14] All these aspects must be taken into account while approaching the life cycle assessment (LCA) of a vessel; raw material production and end-of-life alternatives (reuse, recycling, and disposal) are fundamental to define the complete life cycle of vessels [15]

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