Binocular vision system calibration based on a one-dimensional target

Abstract

This paper proposes an adjustment method for binocular vision measurement to calibrate a camera's internal and external parameters based on a one dimensional (1D) target in the field of view. A 1D target with two feature points lying randomly in the field of view is used to get the images of the feature points. The distance between the two feature points is known. The internal and external parameters can be acquired by solving equations combining the photograph measurement collinear equations and the feature points' distance equations. To solve these equations, we use linearization of nonlinear equations and the adjustment method. During the process, we deal with the equations as measurement equations and the internal/external parameters and the 3D target points as the unknown parameters to calculate them. According to field experiment results, in about a 600 mm×600 mm field of view, the relative error of the distance of two points is less than two ten-thousandths, obtained by using the calculated results of the binocular vision system. The calibration process is simple, convenient, and suitable for calibrating a camera on the spot.