Abstract
Actin functions are crucial for the ability of the cell to execute dynamic cytoskeleton reorganization and movement. Nutraceuticals that form complexes with actin and reduce its polymerization can be used in cancer therapy to prevent cell migration and metastasis of tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of isoflavones to form complexes with actin. Docking simulation and isothermal titration calorimetry were used for this purpose. The formation of complexes by hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic and π-π interactions was demonstrated. Interactions occurred at the ATP binding site, which may limit the rotation of the actin molecule observed during polymerization and also at the site responsible for contacts during polymerization, reducing the ability of the molecule to form filaments. The greatest therapeutic potential was demonstrated by isoflavones occurring in red clover sprouts, i.e., biochanin A and formononetin, being methoxy derivatives of genistein and daidzein.
Highlights
Actin is one of the most abundantly occurring proteins in the human body
Samples were taken for the analysis of isoflavones and from each lighting condition those sprouts were selected, which were characterized by the highest content of isoflavones
In the case of UVA, two local maxima of total isoflavone concentration were observed on the 3rd and 8th day of cultivation, which was not observed under UVB or white light, where the concentrations gradually increased to the 10th or
Summary
Actin is one of the most abundantly occurring proteins in the human body. In muscle cells, it makes up 10% and in other cells from 1% to 5%. Actin appears as a globular monomer (G-actin) but undergoes rapid reorganization and polymerizes forming filaments (F-actin), which makes actin the basic biomolecule that controls most cell processes and functions; including the shape, adhesion, and motility [1]. The phenomenon of cell migration in tissue organisms has a twofold significance. It is necessary for the wound healing process [2,3] but it contributes to the increase in motility and invasion of cancer cells [4].
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