Binding of [ 3H]brofaromine to monoamine oxidase A in vivo: displacement by clorgyline and moclobemide

Abstract

Short duration of action, displaceability by endogenously released monoamines, and absence of cumulation of effect of the selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A), brofaromine (CGP 11305 A), indicate reversibility of its interaction with the enzyme in vivo. However, its in vitro interaction with the enzyme showed features commonly associated with irreversible inhibition. To clarify this issue, the in vivo binding of [ 3H]brofaromine to MAO-A in areas of the rat brain, and in rat heart and liver was investigated. Specific binding, defined by pretreatment with the irreversible inhibitor, clorgyline, was between 15 and 75% of total binding depending on the tissue and the time elapsed after injection of radioactivity. In brain and heart tissue, unlabelled brofaromine, another reversible inhibitor of MAO-A, moclobemide and clorgyline were able to displace [ 3H]brofaromine when administered after the labelled compound with ED 50s of 1–3 mg/kg p.o., 3mg/kg p.o. and 0.3–1 mg/kg s.c., respectively. In the liver, brofaromine and moclobemide and the inhibitor of drug-metabolizing enzymes, proadifen (SK & F 525 A), were able to significantly inhibit [ 3H]brofaromine binding. Clorgyline was only marginally effective, suggesting that, in this organ, [ 3H]brofaromine binds predominantly to such enzymes. In conclusion, the binding of [ 3H]brofaromine to MAO-A in rat brain and heart in vivo was found to be displaceable by other MAO inhibitors and is therefore reversible. In the liver, the compound bound predominantly to other sites, probably microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes.