Abstract
Recently, rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have gained a considerable amount of attention due to their high safety, low toxicity, abundance, and low cost. Traditionally, a composite manganese oxide (MnO2) and a conductive carbon having a polymeric binder are used as a positive electrode. In general, a binder is employed to bond all materials together and to prevent detachment and dissolution of the active materials. Herein, the synthesis of α-MnO2 nanowires on carbon cloth via a simple one-step hydrothermal process and its electrochemical performance, as a binder-free cathode in aqueous and nonaqueous-based ZIBs, is duly reported. Morphological and elemental analyses reveal a single crystal α-MnO2 having homogeneous nanowire morphology with preferential growth along {001}. It is significant that analysis of the electrochemical performance of the α-MnO2 nanowires demonstrates more stable capacity and superior cyclability in a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) electrolyte ZIB than in an aqueous electrolyte system. This is because DMSO can prevent irreversible proton insertion as well as unfavorable dendritic zinc deposition. The application of the binder-free α-MnO2 nanowires cathode in DMSO can promote follow-up research on the high cyclability of ZIBs.
Highlights
Nowadays, due to the increasing use of energy in modern society and intensifying degrees of electrification, rechargeable batteries are in great demand
The resulting solution was sonicated for 1 h and hydrothermally synthesized at 180 ◦C for seven days using a Teflon-lined autoclave decorated with carbon cloth on its inner wall
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Summary
Due to the increasing use of energy in modern society and intensifying degrees of electrification, rechargeable batteries are in great demand. Zn exhibits favorable low redox potential, high stability, and a high specific volumetric capacity of 5855 mAh cm−3, which is even greater than that of lithium (2066 mAh cm−3) [14]. These properties make it a promising anode material [15,16]. Zn is low in cost and highly abundant It has been applied in various types of batteries, such as zinc-nickel [17], zinc-air [18,19], zinc-iodine [20], zinc-iron [21], and zinc-ion [22,23]. Since Zn is rather stable in ambient condition, a zinc-ion battery (ZIB) permits easier and inexpensive handling for fabrication and packaging [25]
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