Abstract
Abstract Wave-ripple cross-lamination formed in a sandy lacustrine shoreface in the Canadian Great Lakes is characterized by (i) small, randomly superimposed sets of angle-of-repose cross lamination, with strongly bimodal dips; (ii) small, superimposed sets of angle-of-repose cross-lamination, where the thickest and most prevalent sets have onshore dips, and the thinner, subsidiary sets dip offshore. (iii) small, superimposed sets of angle-of-repose cross-lamination, with near unimodal landward dips; (iv) supercritical, sinusoidal lamination indicative of high rates of ripple climb. Preserved surface ripples frequently reveal form discordant internal structures with a set of landward-dipping cross-lamination superimposed on a lakeward-dipping unit, both within a near-symmetrical ripple form. The origin of this internal lamination is discussed in the context of the second-order theory proposed for mass transport in turbulent wave boundary layers. The characteristic increase and subsequent decrease in wave ...
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