Bimetallic PdRu/graphene oxide based Catalysts for one-pot three-component synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives

Abstract

Addressed herein, palladium–ruthenium nanoparticles decorated on graphene oxide (PdRu@GO) has been developed by using ultrasonic double solvent reduction method and efficiently used as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives by one-pot multi-component reaction (condensation) of resorcinol (1), malononitrile (2), and various aromatic aldehydes (3a-n). An advantageous of this method is that the prepared nanocatalyst PdRu@GO can be handily separated and used several times for subsequent runs without any significant decrease of catalytic performance even after 5th cycles. This highly stable and uniformly dispersed bimetallic catalyst has been utilized as novel, highly efficient, easy usage, long lived and isolable catalyst for the synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives from resorcinol, aromatic aldehydes and malononitrile with excellent durability and great catalytic performance. The structure morphology and properties of PdRu@GO nanoclusters were fully characterized by using diverse techniques such as, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the high resolution electron micrograph (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods. The obtained PdRu@GO nanoparticles have been found to be one of the highest efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives with all the combination of these advantageous.