Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) permeates into aquatic environments due to agricultural activities, presenting potential health risks and necessitating effective degradation strategies. In this paper, bimetallic MOF MIL-68(In/Fe) sulfurized heterostructured In2S3/Fe3S4 (M-ISFS) was synthesized successfully by a two-step solvothermal reaction. M-ISFS demonstrated ample Fe sites, facilitating the Fenton reaction. The heterostructures facilitated electron transfer in M-ISFS, resulting in a significant acceleration of the reduction of Fe3+. M-ISFS demonstrated an efficient degradation capacity ATZ (99.6 % in 60 min), under a low catalyst dosage (0.15 g·L−1) and weak sunlight intensity (26.79 mW·cm−2). It also retained 88.7 % degradation efficiency after undergoing 4 cycles. 1O2, ·OH and ·O2− were identified to be the main reactive species in the photo-Fenton reaction. The detailed degradation mechanism and pathway were investigated via mass spectrometry (MS) and density functional theory (DFT). Toxicity assessment of intermediates showed that M-ISFS-mediated photo-Fenton degradation attenuates ATZ toxicity to aquatic organisms. This study will broaden the utilization of catalysts sulfurized from MOFs for improving photo-Fenton degradation.
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