BIM-based augmented reality navigation for indoor emergency evacuation

Abstract

Recently, there has been a growing interest in utilizing augmented reality (AR) technology for indoor emergency evacuation guidance. This study aims to determine whether AR navigation can be intuitively recognized by occupants in a fire situation compared to 2D navigation. An AR navigation system based on Building Information Modeling (BIM) was implemented. Objective assessments using eye-tracking technology and measuring the walking speeds were performed, as well as subjective identifications based on surveys. Comparisons were made between AR navigation and traditional 2D navigation. Results indicated that 88.6% of participants perceived the AR navigation system as offering a simpler and more intuitive path for evacuation. Both navigation systems were considered user-friendly and easy to understand. However, 2D navigation was found to be unsuitable for vulnerable populations. The AR navigation system led to a slight decrease in the walking speed, but it significantly reduced the time required to navigate after encountering stairs and exhibited a faster restart time in emergency scenarios. Both navigation systems proved effective without the need for additional signage beyond the provided maps. Nonetheless, the 2D navigation system may require supplementary information beyond what is readily available on mobile devices. These findings highlight the potential of augmented reality navigation as an intuitive solution for indoor emergency evacuation, contributing to enhanced occupant safety during building fires.