Abstract
BackgroundClinically, skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury is a life-threatening syndrome that is often caused by skeletal muscle damage and is characterized by oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Bilobalide has been found to have antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. However, it is unclear whether bilobalide can protect skeletal muscle from ischemia/reperfusion injury.MethodsThe effects of bilobalide on ischemia/reperfusion-injured skeletal muscle were investigated by performing hematoxylin and eosin staining and assessing the wet weight/dry weight ratio of muscle tissue. Then, we measured lipid peroxidation, antioxidant activity and inflammatory cytokine levels. Moreover, Western blotting was conducted to examine the protein levels of MAPK/NF-κB pathway members.ResultsBilobalide treatment could protected hind limb skeletal muscle from ischemia/reperfusion injury by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses via the MAPK/NF-κB pathways.ConclusionsBilobalide may be a promising drug for I/R-injured muscle tissue. However, the specific mechanisms for the protective effects still need further study.
Highlights
Skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury is a life-threatening syndrome that is often caused by skeletal muscle damage and is characterized by oxidative stress and inflammatory responses
Bilobalide attenuates skeletal muscle damage caused by I/R injury Muscular tissue injury was evaluated by the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining
These findings suggest that the protective effects of bilobalide in this skeletal I/R injury model might be mediated partly through inhibition of p38, ERK1/2, JNK and NF- κB p65 pathway activation
Summary
Skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury is a life-threatening syndrome that is often caused by skeletal muscle damage and is characterized by oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Bilobalide has been found to have antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects It is unclear whether bilobalide can protect skeletal muscle from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Various defense mechanisms are induced by ROS-induced injury, and the levels of antioxidants such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) are often used as indicators of oxidative stress [3, 7]. 6-gingerol exerts protective effects against I/ R-induced intestinal mucosal injury by inhibiting the formation of ROS and the activation of p38 and NF-κB [13]. It has been reported that gypenoside protects cardiomyocytes against I/R injury through inhibition of MAPK pathway signaling and NF-κB p65 translocation into nuclei [14]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
