Abstract
Because of a persistent lack of success in enabling Indian students to equal the academic achievement of the general school population, the Bureau of Indian Affairs is taking a close look at bilingual programs and related research as a possible answer to retardation among their nonEnglish-speaking students. In this paper a brief survey of the history of bilingualism in the Bureau is presented which includes the program to promote native-tongue literacy, begun in the late 30's, and the Navajo Five-Year Program. Present day programs, such as those at the Rough Rock and Rock Point Schools, bilingual materials development, and projected projects, including a Navajo bilingual kindergarten program and a reading study similar to that carried out in Mexico by Nancy Modiano, are described.
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