Abstract
In this study, we investigate a bilevel optimization model for the hazmat transportation problem with lane reservation. The problem lies in selecting lanes to be reserved in the network and planning paths for hazmat transportation tasks. The trade-off among transportation cost, risk, and impact on the normal traffic is considered. By using the traffic flow theory, we quantify the impact on the normal traffic and modify the traditional risk measurement model. The problem is formulated as a multiobjective bilevel programming model involving the selection of reserved lanes for government and planning paths for hazmat carriers. Two hybrid metaheuristic algorithms based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the genetic algorithm, respectively, are proposed to solve the bilevel model. Their performance on small-scale instances is compared with exact solutions based on the enumeration method. Finally, the computational results on large-scale instances are compared and sensitivity analysis on the key parameters is presented. The results indicate the following: (1) Both algorithms are effective methods for solving this problem, and the method based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm requires a shorter computation time, whereas the method based on the genetic algorithm shows more advantages in optimality. (2) The bilevel model can effectively reduce the total risk of the hazmat transportation while considering the interests of hazmat carriers and ordinary travellers. (3) The utilization rate of reserved lanes increases with an increasing number of tasks. Nevertheless, once the proportion of hazmat vehicles becomes excessive, the advantage of reducing the risk of the reserved lanes gradually decreases.
Highlights
Owing to the rapid development of the chemical industry, the transportation demand for hazmat keeps increasing [1]
To reduce the accident risk, the lane reservation strategy has been employed in hazmat transportation [4,5,6,7]. e lane reservation can effectively reduce the risk of hazmat transportation, but it will inevitably affect the driving efficiency and time cost of ordinary vehicles [4]. us, it is important to measure the risk and the impact on the normal traffic accurately
This study focuses on a bilevel optimization model for the hazmat transportation problem with consideration of the lane reservation strategy. e contributions are as follows: (1) We propose a bilevel programming model for hazmat transportation problem via lane reservation
Summary
Owing to the rapid development of the chemical industry, the transportation demand for hazmat keeps increasing [1]. Erefore, motivated by this dynamic characteristic, this work is an expansion of previous Lane Reservation for Hazmat considering the impact of traffic flow. Existing researches formulated this problem into a multiobjective model, which ignored the hierarchical and masterslave relationship of decision-making between the government and hazmat carriers [11]. There is still dearth of efficient heuristic algorithms for large-scale problems [6] Based on these gaps, this study focuses on a bilevel optimization model for the hazmat transportation problem with consideration of the lane reservation strategy.
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