Abstract
Hippocampal theta oscillations are pivotal for hippocampal functions of spatial navigation, learning and memory. In the behaving animals in vivo, hippocampal theta oscillations display bilateral synchronization. Internally generated oscillations in the theta frequency range have also been described in the intact hippocampus preparation in vitro. How theta oscillations are synchronized between the left and right hippocampi remains elusive, however. We used preparation of the intact hippocampi interconnected by the ventral hippocampal commissure prepared from juvenile and adult mice and rats in vitro. Local field potentials and multiunit activity were recorded using extracellular electrodes from the pyramidal cell layer and stratum radiatum of the left and right hippocampi. Neuronal network activity in the left and right hippocampi was organized in theta oscillations, which strongly modulated neuronal firing of CA1 neurons. Both neuronal activity and field potential theta oscillations showed high levels of bilateral synchronization. Theta oscillations persisted on both sides, but their bilateral synchronization was eliminated after surgical cut of the ventral hippocampal commissure. Thus, theta oscillations are synchronized in the left and right hippocampi in vitro, and their bilateral synchronization is provided by the ventral commissural connections.
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