Abstract
Variation or an anomaly is a deviation or departure from the normal or common order, form, or rule. The present study reports a case of one such anomaly associated with a mandibular first molar having two distal roots requiring root canal treatment reported. Though this variation is seen with a frequency of 6-44% in Mongoloids, it is rarely seen in Indians with less than 5% frequency. The case described here shows the presence of three roots in first mandibular molar with four canals - two canals in one mesial root and one canal in each distal root. The additional distal root was observed in the radiograph during working length determination. Root canal treatment was carried out successfully and a review after 3 months revealed satisfactory periapical healing. On radiographic examination even the contra lateral tooth revealed the bilateral occurrence of the variation.
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