Abstract
BackgroundMassive hemoptysis is a life-threatening condition. Massive hemoptysis caused by pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) after radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) is rare. However, bilateral lung hemorrhage following bilateral PVS is extremely rare.Case presentationWe herein describe a 62-year-old man with refractory massive hemoptysis after radiofrequency catheter ablation for AF, which was successfully controlled by surgical lobectomy and endovascular bilateral PV stenting. The hemorrhage was derived from the bilateral lungs following PV obstruction and bilateral PVS, which was definitively diagnosed by bronchoscopic examination. The patient had no recurrence of hemoptysis during a follow-up period of 30 months, and the PV stents had not narrowed as shown by computed tomography 30 months after stent placement.ConclusionsMassive hemoptysis can be caused by bilateral PVS after radiofrequency catheter ablation for AF, and hemorrhage from the bilateral lungs in such patients is extremely rare. Nevertheless, cardiologists, interventional radiologists, and pulmonologists should consider the potential for massive hemoptysis caused by PVS.
Highlights
Massive hemoptysis can be caused by bilateral pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) after radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF), and hemorrhage from the bilateral lungs in such patients is extremely rare
Cardiologists, interventional radiologists, and pulmonologists should consider the potential for massive hemoptysis caused by PVS
Life-threatening hemoptysis caused by PVS is rare, while that caused by bilateral PVS is extremely rare
Summary
Massive hemoptysis can be caused by bilateral PVS after radiofrequency catheter ablation for AF, and hemorrhage from the bilateral lungs in such patients is extremely rare.
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