Bilateral Myeloid Sarcoma of the Breast: A Case Report With Radiological and Pathological Correlation

Abstract

Myeloid sarcoma is a solid extramedullary mass of immature myeloid cells, often in patients with myeloid leukemia. Myeloid sarcoma of the breast is extremely uncommon, and bilateral involvement is even rarer. Myeloid sarcoma of the breast can mimic primary breast cancer, lymphoma, and other neoplasms. Differentiation between myeloid sarcoma and primary breast malignancy is imperative, as management and treatment are drastically different. We present a case of myeloid sarcoma of both breasts in a 63-year-old female with relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), a personal history of ovarian cancer, and a family history of both leukemia and breast cancer. This report highlights the need for high clinical, radiological, and pathological suspicion to diagnose myeloid sarcoma of the breast.