Bilateral Epstein-Barr Virus–Associated Adrenal Leiomyomas in a Child without an Established Immunodeficiency

Abstract

Adrenal leiomyomas are rare, bilateral ones being rarer. Literature available on these rare tumors documents only 4 cases in children less than 12 years of age. Each case has been associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome or some other immunodeficiency state. Here we present a rare case of large, bilateral, adrenal leiomyomas in a child with no known immunodeficiency. An 11-year-old girl with a past history of herpes zoster (1 year before the present complaints) was admitted with abdominal pain of 2 months' duration. Radiology revealed bilateral adrenal neoplasms, probably bilateral pheochromocytoma. Histology showed bilateral adrenal leiomyomas that were Epstein-Barr virus associated. We report this case to draw attention to the occurrence of a common pathologic entity at an uncommon site in a setting of no definite known immunodeficiency.