Abstract
Background: The purpose of this paper is to describe an anatomical variation of the hand extensor on the little finger of the right hand which receives four tendons, condition unknown, as it is the first case reported so far in the literature. The human extensor tendons of hand often display an array of variations. Awareness of the anatomy and variations of the extensor tendons on the dorsum of the hand is necessary not only for the anatomist but also for surgeons when considering tendons for hand surgery, tendon rerouting or transplants. Materials and Methods: Bilateral anatomical variation in the upper limb was found during routine dissection in a 75-year-old male cadaver in the Morphology Laboratory at the University of Pamplona. The variations were recorded and photographed. Result: In the left hand the extensor digitorum there was a single tendon to the index, double tendon to the middle, triple tendon to the ring finger, a single tendon to the little finger or digiti minimi. The extensor digiti minimi has double tendon. In the right hand the extensor digitorum there was a single tendon to the index, triple tendon to the middle finger, triple tendons to the ring finger, a double tendon to the little finger. The extensor digiti minimi has double tendon. The little finger receives four tendons, 2 of extensor digitorum and 2 of extensor digiti minimi. The dorsum of the left hand and right showed juncturae tendinum type 2, between the extensors tendons in the 3rd intermetacarpal space; type 3, between the extensors tendons in the 4th inter metacarpal space. Conclusion: The presence of multiple tendons may alter the kinematics around the site of attachment to the phalanx. Knowledge of anatomical variations and normal anatomy of the extensor tendons, may be helpful while performing graft and tendon transfer operations.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(2) 2016 p.278-282
Highlights
The hand is one of the special organs of human body which is most frequently injured
A detailed knowledge of the extensor tendons anatomy is essential for under standing the consequences of tendon injury at various levels. This tendon injury may be either due to external trauma or spontaneous rupture as in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and distal radio ulnar joint osteoarthritis[2].Usually the dorsal surface of the hand is devoid of muscle bellies, it only contains the tendons of the extensor muscles of the hand
Found on the dorsum of the hand are the tendons of the extensor pollicis longus (EPL), extensor digitorum (ED), extensor indicis (EI), and the extensor digiti minimi (EDM)
Summary
The hand is one of the special organs of human body which is most frequently injured. The extensor digiti minimi muscle originates to level lateral epicondyle of the humerus and ends in one tendon that inserts into the extensor expansion of the 5th finger.
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