Bihari Identity: An Uncharted Question

Abstract

Sources of multidisciplinary social sciences were consulted for understanding the Bihari identity narrative. Bihar’s glorious history and landmark events of 100 years (1912–2012), were briefly examined. Observations and sparse empirical findings were used for presenting the Bihari identity discourse. Seemingly, the identities ‘fighter’ and ‘revolutionary’ resulted from the land’s rebellious background while unfair treatment during colonial and post-colonial rules conferred the identity ‘poor and backward’ to the state. Difficult conditions kept Bihar’s population on move and Biharis became identified as ‘migrants’. Lalu–Rabri’s regime (1990–2005) thoroughly tarnished the state’s image while feudal mentality, caste differentiation, political ambition and collective power of the oppressed constituted the identities ‘criminals’ and ‘violent’. Empirical evidence indicates that the struggling middle class wanted power was competitive and untrusting. Nevertheless, Biharis were sensitive towards others’ feelings, cared for relationships, were intelligent, hardworking and patient. An insider finds elements of simplicity in Bihari people’s attire and etiquette but also perceive them to be undisciplined, socially irresponsible and tolerant towards corruption. However, Bihari identity was in transition; backward caste was in power, social justice and development were utilized as power managing strategies and urban Biharis were opting for capitalist culture. Although Bihari identity remains tied to caste and subregions, it seems to be a subset of Indian identity.