Abstract
The impact of Big Data (BD) creates challenges in selecting relevant and significant data to be used as criteria to facilitate flood management plans. Studies on macro domain criteria expand the criteria selection, which is important for assessment in allowing a comprehensive understanding of the current situation, readiness, preparation, resources, and others for decision assessment and disaster events planning. This study aims to facilitate the criteria identification and selection from a macro domain perspective in improving flood management planning. The objectives of this study are (a) to explore and identify potential and possible criteria to be incorporated in the current flood management plan in the macro domain perspective; (b) to understand the type of flood measures and decision goals implemented to facilitate flood management planning decisions; and (c) to examine the possible structured mechanism for criteria selection based on the decision analysis technique. Based on a systematic literature review and thematic analysis using the PESTEL framework, the findings have identified and clustered domains and their criteria to be considered and applied in future flood management plans. The critical review on flood measures and decision goals would potentially equip stakeholders and policy makers for better decision making based on a disaster management plan. The decision analysis technique as a structured mechanism would significantly improve criteria identification and selection for comprehensive and collective decisions. The findings from this study could further improve Malaysia Adaptation Index (MAIN) criteria identification and selection, which could be the complementary and supporting reference in managing flood disaster management. A proposed framework from this study can be used as guidance in dealing with and optimising the criteria based on challenges and the current application of Big Data and criteria in managing disaster events.
Highlights
The objectives of this study are (a) to explore and identify potential and possible criteria to be incorporated in the current flood management plan; (b) to understand the type of flood measures and decision goals implemented to facilitate flood management planning decisions; and (c) to examine the possible structured mechanism for criteria selection based on the decision analysis technique
The PESTEL framework criteria analysis revealed a significant result in criteria selection for the flood management plan
The mapping of the criteria from previous studies according to this framework facilitate in (1) understanding which macro domain dominated the criteria selection; (2) improving criteria selection by identifying appropriate and relevant criteria; and (3) expanding the criteria selection through reviewing, assessing, and updating existing criteria based on the best practice applied in solving flood disaster events
Summary
As part of the disaster management plan (DMP), specific flood mitigation and adaptation actions have been taken and implemented to reduce the risks and impact of climate change on flood events. The measures taken were initiatives to limit the activities that directly cause more harm. These mitigation and adaptation measures can be effectively impactful if stakeholders and policy makers understand the degree of vulnerability and readiness in various significantly relevant domains for the flood management plan. Malaysia has begun to stress the implementation of climate change adaptation through COP25 (2015), in the water security, coast, food, and health sectors. MAIN, a project initiated by NAHRIM, began in 2019 to respond to the importance of climate change adaptation in Malaysia for various settings in multiple sectors. Part of its initiatives is strengthening and supporting the Malaysia National Climate Change
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